Cooking Terms

Bake: To cook foods by surrounding them with hot, dry air. Similar to roast, but the term bake usually deals with breads, pastries, vegetables, and fish.

Barbecue: To cook with dry heat created by the burning of hardwood or by the hot coals of this wood. Loosely to cook over hot coals, such as on a grill or spit, often with a seasoned marinade or basting sauce.

Blanch: To cook an item partially and very briefly in boiling water or in hot fat. Usually a pre-preparation technique, as to loosen peels of vegetables, fruits, and nuts, to partially cook foods before serving, to prepare for freezing, or to remove undesirable flavors.

Boil: To cook in water or other liquid that is bubbling rapidly, about 212degreesF.

Braise: To cook covered in a small amount of liquid, usually after browning first. To cook certain vegetables slowly in a small amount of liquid without browning.

Broil: To cook with radiant heat from above.

Deep-Fry: To cook submerged in hot fat.

Deglaze: To swirl a liquid in a saute pan, roast pan, or other pan to dissolve cooked particles of food remaining on the bottom.

Dry-heat cooking methods: Methods in which heat is conducted to foods with out the use of moisture.

Fry: To cook in hot fat.

Glaze: To give shine to the surface of a food by applying a sauce, aspic, sugar, or icing, and by browning or melting under a broiler or salamander or in an oven.

Griddle: To cook on a flat, solid cooking surface called a griddle.

Grill: To cook uncovered in a skillet or saute pan without fat.

Pan-Fry: To cook in a moderate amount of fat in an uncovered pan.

En Papillote: Wrapped in paper or sometimes foil for cooking so the enclosed food is steamed in its own moisture.

Parboil: To cook partially in a boiling or simmering liquid.

Parcook: To cook partially by any method.

Poach: To cook gently in water or other liquid that is hot but not actually bubbling, about 160degreesF to 180degreesF.

Reduce: To cook by simmering or boiling until the quantity of liquid is decreased, often to concentrate flavors.

Roast: to cook foods by surrounding them with hot, dry air in an oven or on a spit in front of an open fire.

Saute: To cook quickly in a small amount of fat, usually while mixing or tossing the foods by occasionally flipping the pan.

Sear: To brown the surface of a food quickly at a high temperature.

Simmer: To cook in water or other liquid that is bubbling gently, about 185degreesF to 205degreesF.

Smoke-Roasting: To cook with dry heat in the presence of smoke, as on a rack over wood chips in a covered pan.

Steam: To cook by direct contact with steam.

Stew: To simmer or braise a food or foods in a small amount of liquid, which is usually served with the food as a sauce.

Stir-Fry: To cook quickly in a small amount of fat by tossing cut-up foods in a wok or pan with spatulas or similar implements. Similar to saute, but the pan stays stationary.

Sweat: To cook slowly in fat without browning, sometimes under a cover.